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相关概念视频

Learning Disabilities01:25

Learning Disabilities

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Learning disabilities are cognitive disorders caused by neurological impairments that affect cognitive functions like language and reading, without indicating overall intellectual or developmental challenges. These disabilities differ from global intellectual or developmental disabilities as they are limited to distinct cognitive functions. Common learning disabilities include dysgraphia, dyslexia, and dyscalculia, each of which impacts unique aspects of learning.
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Language and Cognition01:27

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Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
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Binet's Contribution to Measures of Intelligence01:23

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Alfred Binet, along with his student Théophile Simon, was tasked by the French Ministry of Education in 1904 to create a method for identifying students who struggled to learn through conventional classroom instruction. This initiative aimed to address overcrowding by placing such students in specialized schools. Binet and Simon developed an intelligence test comprising 30 tasks, ranging from simple commands, like touching one's nose or ear, to more complex tasks, such as drawing...
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Components of Language01:24

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Language, whether spoken, signed, or written, consists of specific components: lexicon and grammar. The lexicon is the vocabulary of a language, comprising its words. Grammar is the set of rules used to convey meaning through the lexicon. For example, English grammar adds “-ed” to most verbs to indicate past tense. Words are formed by combining phonemes, which are the basic sound units of a language. Different languages have different sets of phonemes (e.g., “ah” vs.
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Language01:16

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Language is a unique communication system that uses words and systematic rules to organize and transmit information. Unlike other forms of communication, which may involve postures, movements, odors, or vocalizations, language relies on symbols and grammar. This makes human communication distinct from that of other species, who also communicate but do not use language in the same way humans do.
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Metacognition is a conscious process where individuals are aware of their cognitive and executive processes, such as planning before solving a problem or self-monitoring during reading. For instance, a writer may need help with composing a piece. The situation involves a writer who is working on a piece of writing, but while doing so, they realize that something is missing. They notice that their characters lack depth or details. This realization occurs because the writer is reflecting on their...
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Updated: Sep 11, 2025

A Tablet-Based Curriculum-Based Measurement Protocol for Kindergarten Writing
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基于课程的句子级别测量和语言样本分析的技术特征,用于有写作困难的学生.

Emily A Reno1,2, Seohyeon Choi3, Kristen L McMaster3

  • 1University of Maryland, USA.

Journal of learning disabilities
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PubMed
概括

两个语言样本分析 (LSA) 指标,T-Unit在形态词的平均长度 (MLTU-M) 和不同单词的数量 (NDW),显示出测量口语语言技能以改善写作能力评估的希望.

关键词:
基于课程的测量方法语言语言语言语言语言语言.写作 写作 写作 写作

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科学领域:

  • * 教育心理学 教育心理学
  • * 语言学 语言学
  • * * 特殊教育 特殊教育

背景情况:

  • *口头语言能力对于发展强大的写作能力至关重要.
  • * 现有的口语和书面语言测量工具存在局限性.
  • *语言样本分析 (LSA) 为更细致的评估提供了潜力.

研究的目的:

  • * 评估LSA中的补充评分指标,用于基于课程的图片词写作测量 (CBM-W).
  • * 调查LSA指标的可靠性,有效性和对增长的敏感性.
  • * 确定LSA是否可以提供更具体的口语语言技能估计.

主要方法:

  • *利用了123名有写作困难的学生的语言样本,使用图片词CBM-W.
  • * 评估了与现有指标和标准化措施相比的替代形式可靠性和与标准相关的有效性.
  • * 对LSA和Picture Word CBM-W评分机制从秋季到春季的生长敏感度进行了检查.

主要成果:

  • *两个LSA指标表明了技术质量和对增长的敏感性:T-Unit在形态表达的平均长度 (MLTU-M) 和不同单词数量 (NDW).
  • * MLTU-M在秋季使用两种形式的平均值时显示可靠性.
  • * NDW使用秋季和春季两种形式的平均值来证明可靠性和对增长的敏感性.

结论:

  • *结果支持口头语言在句子级别写作能力中的不可或缺的作用.
  • *MLTU-M和NDW是Picture Word CBM-W的有效补充评分机制.
  • * 这些LSA指标比目前的CBM-W评分提供了对语法/形态语法和语义/词汇多样性的更具体的见解.