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Chitin-Active Lytic Polysaccharide Monooxygenases.
Gaston Courtade1, Finn L Aachmann2
1Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, NOBIPOL, NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Sem Sælands vei 6/8, N-7491, Trondheim, Norway.
Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|May 19, 2019
Summary
Lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) are copper enzymes that break down plant and chitin biomass. Chitin-active LPMOs enhance enzyme mixtures for increased biomass degradation and chitin modification.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Enzymology
- Biotechnology
Background:
- Lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) are copper-dependent enzymes that cleave 1,4-glycosidic bonds in polysaccharides like chitin.
- Unlike glycoside hydrolases, LPMOs act on crystalline polysaccharide regions, synergizing with other enzymes to boost biomass degradation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To introduce chitin-active LPMOs, summarizing characterized enzymes.
- To describe the structural features, catalytic mechanisms, and carbohydrate-binding modules of chitin-active LPMOs.
- To demonstrate the application of chitin-active LPMOs in chemo-enzymatic modification of chitin.
Main Methods:
- Literature review and summary of characterized chitin-active LPMOs.
- Analysis of structural and mechanistic data for LPMOs.
- Experimental demonstration of chemo-enzymatic chitin modification using LPMOs.
Main Results:
- Overview of over 20 characterized chitin-active LPMOs across families AA10, AA11, and AA15.
- Detailed description of LPMO structural elements, catalytic cycles, and carbohydrate-binding domains.
- Successful chemo-enzymatic modification of chitin substrates was achieved using LPMOs.
Conclusions:
- Chitin-active LPMOs are crucial enzymes with significant industrial and scientific applications.
- Understanding LPMO structure and mechanism facilitates their use in biomass conversion.
- LPMOs offer a powerful tool for tailored modification of chitin substrates.
Keywords:
Copper-dependent enzymesCrystalline polysaccharidesLytic polysaccharide monooxygenase (LPMO)More Related Videos
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