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Chronic Intermittent Ethanol Vapor Exposure Paired with Two-Bottle Choice to Model Alcohol Use Disorder
Published on: June 23, 2023
Emerging Agents of Substance Use/Misuse
Avery E Michienzi1, Heather A Borek1
1Department of Emergency Medicine, Division of Medical Toxicology, Medical Toxicology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, University of Virginia, PO Box 800774, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
Abstract:
Over the last decade, the use of novel psychoactive substances (NPS) has increased. Some substances are derived from plants but an increasing number are synthetically produced. Examples include synthetic cannabinoids, synthetic cathinones, kratom, phenibut, designer opioids, and benzodiazepines. These substances have a wide variety of effects due to the varied potency with which they bind their targeted receptors. Routine immunoassay urine drug screens do not detect these substances and it is, therefore, important for clinicians to be aware of these substances to make accurate clinical diagnoses.
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